(3)Īnti-inflammatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) Mesenchymal stem cells contribute to tissue regeneration and differentiation, including the maintenance of homeostasis and function, adaptation to altered metabolic or environmental requirements, and the repair of damaged tissue. "The differentiation of MSCs into specific mature cell types is controlled by various cytokines, growth factors, extracellular matrix molecules, and transcription factors (TFs). In other words, mesenchymal stem cells can become a variety of different cell types including adipose tissue, cartilage, muscle, tendon/ligament, bone, neurons, and hepatocytes (2)Īccording to a 2016 study conducted by Almalki et al. Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate into different cell types. In this way, stem cells can be used to seek out damaged liver tissue and regenerate the organ itself. Stem cells have the unique ability to morph or differentiate into different types of cells within the body. (4)ĭifferentiation (becoming new types of cells) Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can restore liver injury after differentiation (changing into new types of useful liver cells) and exert immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidative stress all potentially leading to organ function improvements. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy may be used as an alternative treatment option. Unfortunately, a liver transplant is extremely expensive, donors are hard to come by, and there is a risk of rejection of the organ by the patient's body. "Although certain parts of the liver can naturally regenerate, the only proven treatment for end-stage liver disease is a full liver transplant." Liver cirrhosis can be caused by many different factors, but most notable is due to alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis B or C, and metabolic disorders. Can stem cell therapy treat liver cirrhosis?Ĭirrhosis of the liver is characterized by internal scarring and subsequent dysfunction of the liver. However, advances in stem cell treatments have created a new path toward regaining their health for patients with liver disease. Treatments are often rarely available, too expensive, or come with large costs of quality of life for patients. Unfortunately, past treatments for damaged or diseased livers have been plagued with issues. It accounts for over 33,500 deaths in the U.S. ![]() Liver disease has had an increasing incidence and has become a troubling cause of death in more people each year. Current liver disease treatments are plagued with issues We do know that stem cells have many properties, including immunomodulation, differentiation, and the ability to repair damaged tissues that can be beneficial for liver disease. However, the long-term efficacy, the regulatory mechanism of stem cell development and differentiation, and the best treatment methods for liver diseases are not clear. At present, it has been preliminarily proved that stem cells are effective and safe. Stem cell-based therapies will emerge as an effective treatment strategy for liver diseases in 2021 and the future.Īccording to a recent study published by Li et al. Stem cell therapy may, in the future, be used as a bridge to either liver transplantation or endogenous liver regeneration, but efficient differentiation and production protocols must be developed and safety must be demonstrated before it can be applied to clinical practice.īioartificial liver cell therapy cell transplant gene correction induced pluripotent stem cells liver disease regenerative medicine stem cell.Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells play an essential role in liver recovery, and further research has verified the preliminary effectiveness and safety of these therapies. Research in this field is still very active. Cell-based therapeutics may involve gene therapy, cell transplantation, bioartificial liver devices, or bioengineered organs. ![]() Different cell lines have been used experimentally to support liver function and treat inherited metabolic disorders, acute liver failure, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and small-for-size liver transplantations. Stem cells can be harvested from a number of sources, or can be generated from somatic cells to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We performed an exhaustive review of the literature, with a focus on the latest studies involving the use of stem cells for the treatment of liver disease. Stem cells hold promise as an alternative to the use of primary hepatocytes. Cell therapy is an emerging form of treatment for several liver diseases, but is limited by the availability of donor livers.
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